How to boot the Raspberry Pi system from a USB Mass Storage Device All In One
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How to boot the Raspberry Pi system from a USB Mass Storage Device All In One
如何从 USB 启动树莓派引导系统 / 如何从 USB 大容量存储设备启动 Raspberry Pi 系统
Raspberry Pi 4 Boot Flow
- First Stage Bootloader
- Second Stage Bootloader
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#raspberry-pi-4-boot-flow
# 查看
$ rpi-eeprom-config
[all]
BOOT_UART=0
WAKE_ON_GPIO=1
POWER_OFF_ON_HALT=0
[all]
BOOT_ORDER=0xf14
# 编辑
$ sudo -E rpi-eeprom-config --edit
BOOT_ORDER
0xf14
Try USB
first, followed by SD
then repeat
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#BOOT_ORDER
Conditional filters
[all]
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/config_txt.html#conditional-filters
officail documents
USB Mass Storage Boot
This page explains how to boot your Raspberry Pi from a USB mass storage device
such as a flash drive
or a USB hard disk
.
本页介绍如何从 USB 大容量存储设备
(例如闪存驱动器
或 USB 硬盘
)启动 Raspberry Pi。
The bootloader in Raspberry Pi 400 and newer Raspberry Pi 4B boards support USB boot by default
, although the BOOT_ORDER
bootloader configuration may need to be modified.
Raspberry Pi 400 和较新的 Raspberry Pi 4B 板中的引导加载程序默认支持
USB 引导,但可能需要修改 BOOT_ORDER
引导加载程序配置。
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#usb-mass-storage-boot
EEPROM
Configuration
$ rpi-eeprom-config
# OR
$ vcgencmd bootloader_config
[all]
BOOT_UART=0
WAKE_ON_GPIO=1
POWER_OFF_ON_HALT=0
[all]
BOOT_ORDER=0xf14
$ sudo rpi-eeprom-update
$ sudo rpi-eeprom-update -a
$ sudo reboot
BOOTLOADER: up to date
CURRENT: Wed Jan 11 17:40:52 UTC 2023 (1673458852)
LATEST: Wed Jan 11 17:40:52 UTC 2023 (1673458852)
RELEASE: default (/lib/firmware/raspberrypi/bootloader/default)
Use raspi-config to change the release.
VL805_FW: Using bootloader EEPROM
VL805: up to date
CURRENT: 000138c0
LATEST: 000138c0
手动刷入系统镜像,并修改配置文件
- 设置开机,自动开启
SSH
ssh
创建一个空的 ssh
文件, 文件没有扩展名,放到 U 盘根目录下
- 配置默认的
Wi-Fi
信息
wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=CN
network={
scan_ssid=1
ssid="your Wi-Fi name "
psk="your Wi-Fi password "
proto=RSN
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP
auth_alg=OPEN
}
- 配置 SSH 登录的
用户名
和密码
userconf.txt
pi
raspberry => 加密后 /4g6TptuTP5B6
pi:/4g6TptuTP5B6
- 配置 bootloader 的
启动模式
config.txt
# 编辑
$ sudo vim /boot/config.txt
$ sudo code /boot/config.txt
# 查看
$ cat /boot/config.txt
otg_mode=1
# For more options and information see
# http://rpf.io/configtxt
# Some settings may impact device functionality. See link above for details
# uncomment if you get no picture on HDMI for a default "safe" mode
#hdmi_safe=1
# uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
# goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
#overscan_left=16
#overscan_right=16
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16
# uncomment to force a console size. By default it will be display's size minus
# overscan.
#framebuffer_width=1280
#framebuffer_height=720
# uncomment if hdmi display is not detected and composite is being output
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
# uncomment to force a specific HDMI mode (this will force VGA)
#hdmi_group=1
#hdmi_mode=1
# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
#hdmi_drive=2
# uncomment to increase signal to HDMI, if you have interference, blanking, or
# no display
#config_hdmi_boost=4
# uncomment for composite PAL
#sdtv_mode=2
#uncomment to overclock the arm. 700 MHz is the default.
#arm_freq=800
# Uncomment some or all of these to enable the optional hardware interfaces
#dtparam=i2c_arm=on
#dtparam=i2s=on
#dtparam=spi=on
# Uncomment this to enable infrared communication.
#dtoverlay=gpio-ir,gpio_pin=17
#dtoverlay=gpio-ir-tx,gpio_pin=18
# Additional overlays and parameters are documented /boot/overlays/README
# Enable audio (loads snd_bcm2835)
dtparam=audio=on
# Automatically load overlays for detected cameras
camera_auto_detect=1
# Automatically load overlays for detected DSI displays
display_auto_detect=1
# Enable DRM VC4 V3D driver
dtoverlay=vc4-kms-v3d
max_framebuffers=2
# Run in 64-bit mode
arm_64bit=1
# Disable compensation for displays with overscan
disable_overscan=1
[cm4]
# Enable host mode on the 2711 built-in XHCI USB controller.
# This line should be removed if the legacy DWC2 controller is required
# (e.g. for USB device mode) or if USB support is not required.
otg_mode=1
[all]
[pi4]
# Run as fast as firmware / board allows
arm_boost=1
[all]
solutions
changing the
boot mode
/ 更改启动模式
bugs ️️️
- U 盘必须要使用
FAT32
格式,最大支持 32 GB - 树莓派需先要插入一个烧录了树莓派系统的
SD 卡
,才能修改启动模式
- 树莓派需要
有线网络
连接,用于从网上下载镜像
到 U 盘中 - 树莓派需要连接
鼠标、键盘
,用于U 盘启动后,从网络的安装镜像
到 U 盘中
- Raspberry Pi Imager (GUI 可视化操作 )
Using
Raspberry Pi Imager
to update thebootloader
This is the recommended route to updating the bootloader.
这是更新引导加载程序
的推荐途径。
steps:
Download
Raspberry Pi ImagerSelect a
spare
SD card. The contents will getoverwritten
!Launch
Raspberry Pi ImagerSelect
Misc utility images
under Operating SystemSelect
Bootloader
Select a
boot-mode
i.e. SD Card Boot (recommended),USB Boot
or Network Boot.Select SD card and then
Write
Boot
the Raspberry Pi withthe new image
andwait for
at least10 seconds
.The
green activity LED
will blink with asteady pattern
and theHDMI display
will begreen
on success.Power off
the Raspberry Pi andremove
the SD card.
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#imager
- raspi-config (交互式命令行操作 )
$ sudo raspi-config
$ sudo reboot
Update
Raspberry Pi OS to getthe latest version
of therpi-eeprom
package.Run
sudo raspi-config
Select
Advanced
OptionsSelect
Bootloader
VersionSelect
Default
for factory default settings orLatest
for the latest stable bootloader release.Reboot
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#raspi-config
other useful commands
$ pinout
# Pi Model 4B V1.5
$ lsusb
# Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0951:1665 Kingston Technology Digital DataTraveler SE9
$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
127.0.1.1 raspberrypi
$ cd /proc && ls -alth
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
Revision : d03115
Serial : 1000000052e87fab
Model : Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.5
$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 6.1.21-v8+ (dom@buildbot) (aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-8 (Ubuntu/Linaro 8.4.0-3ubuntu1) 8.4.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #1642 SMP PREEMPT Mon Apr 3 17:24:16 BST 2023
$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 7998788 kB
MemFree: 7124364 kB
MemAvailable: 7564892 kB
$ cat /proc/partitions
temperature
# temperature
$ vcgencmd measure_temp
# temp=50.6'C
$ vcgencmd measure_temp | egrep -o '[0-9]*\.[0-9]*'
# 50.6
$ vcgencmd measure_volts core
# volt=0.8600V
$ vcgencmd measure_clock arm
# frequency(48)=600169920
$ vcgencmd get_mem arm
# arm=947M
$ vcgencmd get_mem gpu
# gpu=76M
$ vcgencmd otp_dump | grep 17
17:000008b0
29:ad178054
$ df -h
# 查看磁盘列表:
$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 29.72 GiB, 31914983424 bytes, 62333952 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 7.22 GiB, 7747397632 bytes, 15131636 sectors
Disk model: DataTraveler 2.0
# 查看 block 块文件挂载信息
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 1 7.2G 0 disk
|-sda1 8:1 1 256M 0 part /boot
`-sda2 8:2 1 7G 0 part /
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.7G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 256M 0 part /media/pi/bootfs
`-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 29.5G 0 part /media/pi/rootfs
$ locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=en_GB.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE=UTF-8
LC_NUMERIC="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_GB.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
$ hostname -I
192.168.18.168 fd80:eae6:1258:0:91a5:54b6:d817:ecc2
$ cat /etc/rc.local
# Print the IP address
_IP=$(hostname -I) || true
if [ "$_IP" ]; then
printf "My IP address is %s\n" "$_IP"
fi
demos
$ cat /boot/config.txt
# For more options and information see
# http://rpf.io/configtxt
# Some settings may impact device functionality. See link above for details
# uncomment if you get no picture on HDMI for a default "safe" mode
#hdmi_safe=1
# uncomment the following to adjust overscan. Use positive numbers if console
# goes off screen, and negative if there is too much border
#overscan_left=16
#overscan_right=16
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16
# uncomment to force a console size. By default it will be display's size minus
# overscan.
#framebuffer_width=1280
#framebuffer_height=720
# uncomment if hdmi display is not detected and composite is being output
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
# uncomment to force a specific HDMI mode (this will force VGA)
#hdmi_group=1
#hdmi_mode=1
# uncomment to force a HDMI mode rather than DVI. This can make audio work in
# DMT (computer monitor) modes
#hdmi_drive=2
# uncomment to increase signal to HDMI, if you have interference, blanking, or
# no display
#config_hdmi_boost=4
# uncomment for composite PAL
#sdtv_mode=2
#uncomment to overclock the arm. 700 MHz is the default.
#arm_freq=800
# Uncomment some or all of these to enable the optional hardware interfaces
#dtparam=i2c_arm=on
#dtparam=i2s=on
#dtparam=spi=on
# Uncomment this to enable infrared communication.
#dtoverlay=gpio-ir,gpio_pin=17
#dtoverlay=gpio-ir-tx,gpio_pin=18
# Additional overlays and parameters are documented /boot/overlays/README
# Enable audio (loads snd_bcm2835)
dtparam=audio=on
# Automatically load overlays for detected cameras
camera_auto_detect=1
# Automatically load overlays for detected DSI displays
display_auto_detect=1
# Enable DRM VC4 V3D driver
dtoverlay=vc4-kms-v3d
max_framebuffers=2
# Run in 64-bit mode
arm_64bit=1
# Disable compensation for displays with overscan
disable_overscan=1
[cm4]
# Enable host mode on the 2711 built-in XHCI USB controller.
# This line should be removed if the legacy DWC2 controller is required
# (e.g. for USB device mode) or if USB support is not required.
otg_mode=1
[all]
[pi4]
# Run as fast as firmware / board allows
arm_boost=1
[all]
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Updating and Upgrading Raspberry Pi OS
$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# Uncomment deb-src lines below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
#deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
- APT
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo apt clean
# install package
$ sudo apt install tree
$ sudo apt install tree -y
# 卸载软件包
$ sudo apt remove tree
$ sudo apt remove tree -y
# 完全删除软件包及其关联的配置文件
$ sudo apt purge tree
- apt-get
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get clean
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/os.html#updating-and-upgrading-raspberry-pi-os
Playing Audio and Video
- VLC
# new
- OMXPlayer
# old
$ omxplayer <name of media file>
$ omxplayer example.mp4
$ omxplayer example.mp3
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/os.html#playing-audio-and-video
Using a USB webcam
$ sudo apt install fswebcam
# user group
$ sudo usermod -a -G video <username>
# 拍照
$ fswebcam image.jpg
$ fswebcam -r 1280x720 image-720p.jpg
$ fswebcam -r 1280x720 --no-banner image-no-banner.jpg
$ chmod 777 webcam.sh
# OR
$ chmod +x webcam.sh
$ ./webcam.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
DATE=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d_%H%M")
fswebcam -r 1280x720 --no-banner /home/pi/webcam/$DATE.jpg
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/os.html#using-a-usb-webcam
refs
https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/pi-3-booting-part-i-usb-mass-storage-boot/
https://www.cnblogs.com/xgqfrms/p/17436522.html#5180599
vcgencmd
https://www.cnblogs.com/xgqfrms/p/17303351.html
xgqfrms 2012-2021
www.cnblogs.com/xgqfrms 发布文章使用:只允许注册用户才可以访问!
原创文章,版权所有️xgqfrms, 禁止转载 ️,侵权必究️!
阿里云国内75折 回扣 微信号:monov8 |
阿里云国际,腾讯云国际,低至75折。AWS 93折 免费开户实名账号 代冲值 优惠多多 微信号:monov8 飞机:@monov6 |